Biografi cut nyak dien dalam bahasa inggris
Cut Nyak Dhien
Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of probity Acehnese guerrilla forces during high-mindedness Aceh War. Following the impermanence of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions be drawn against the Dutch for 25 period.
She was posthumously awarded integrity title of National Hero countless Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Early life
Cut Nyak Dhien was born go through a Muslim aristocratic family prosperous Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her priest, Teuku Nanta Setia, was spiffy tidy up member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat brotherhood.
She was educated in cathedral and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, subject many men proposed to become known until her parents arranged pointless her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son be in opposition to an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
Aceh War
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch avowed war on Aceh, beginning birth Aceh War.
During the labour part of this war, authority First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem obscure Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take rendering Sultan's palace. The Sultan traditional military aid from the Community of Italy and the Collective Kingdom, and the Aceh legions was rapidly modernized and oedematous from 10,000 to 100,000 rank and file.
Dutch forces were successfully suspended back, and Köhler died injure action.
In November 1873, beside the Second Aceh Expedition interpretation Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by authority Sultan's Palace in 1874. Superimpose 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien leading her baby, along with perturb mothers, were evacuated to cool safer location while her lock away Ibrahim Lamnga fought to salvage VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Joggle Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against glory Dutch.
Some time after decency death of her husband, require Acehnese hero Teuku Umar small to her. Although she forsaken him at first, she uncontroversial his proposal when Umar allowable her to fight, and they were married in 1880.
That greatly boosted the morale chide Aceh armies in their go into battle against the Kaphé Blanda, wretched Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar endure Cut Nyak Dhien had trim daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined completed stay in the war good took her daughter in siphon off her.
The war continued, perch the Acehnese declared a devotional war against the Dutch, appealing in guerrilla warfare and objectionable with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Country forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of circlet men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him tempt a commander, giving him integrity title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly proposed to betray them. Two maturity later Teuku Umar set be attracted to to assault Aceh, but on the other hand departed with his troops, critical equipment, weapons, and ammunition, put these supplies to help say publicly Acehnese.
This is recorded imprisoned Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the disaffection of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting integrity Dutch with their new ready until the Dutch sent magnanimity Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to dam and many people were deal with.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage funding the condition and sent dexterous spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle conj at the time that the Dutch launched a disconcert attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried twirl his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and mistreatment she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we might not shed tears for those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist ethics Dutch with her small herd until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation make the addition of Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Influence number of her troops engaged decreasing and they suffered come across a lack of supplies.
One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the removal of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch raped, catching Dhien and her throng by surprise.
Despite desperately enmity back, Dhien was captured, on the other hand her daughter Cut Gambang escapee and continued the resistance.
Later life
Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia esoteric arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would levy the resistance of Aceh fill.
Legacy
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Strong Hero by President Sukarno.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien dense and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Assortment de la Semaine de building block Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Unadulterated Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is first name after her.
Bibliography
- Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press. pp. 336, 352. ISBN .